Challenges to the Gregorian Line of the Church

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Brown, Peter. “A Dark-Age Crisis: Aspects of the Iconoclastic Controversy,” in The English Historical Review (January 1973): 1-34.

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Gough, Michael. The Origins of Christian Art. London: Thames & Hudson, 1973.

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Ugolnik, Anthony. The Illuminating Icon. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1989.